Extraction behaviour of Y(III) from hydrochloric acid medium by octyl phenyl phosphinic acid (OPPA) has been investigated over a wide range of experimental conditions such as feed acidity, yttrium concentration, OPPA concentration, diluents, temperature, stripping reagents. The extraction mechanism of Y(III) with OPPA was established using distribution data obtained by slope analysis technique and it showed the formation of Y(HA₂)₃ type of neutral species in the organic phase. This was also confi rmed by non-linear least square regression of the distribution data to the mathematical expression correlating percentage extraction and acidity. The extraction constant (log K_ex) of the two phase reaction has been evaluated to be 3.2. Distribution ratio (D) decreased with the increase in temperature with ÄH = –16 kJ/mole. Amongst the reagents studied, 7 M H₂SO₄ was found to be better with 70% stripping of Y(III) in a single contact. Extraction of Y(III) in different diluents followed the order: d odecane > d ichlorobenzene > xylene > chlorobenzene. A mathematical model D = (183.69 ± 7.24)/(0.5)^0.59*(H_i)³ was proposed to predict the concentration of yttrium in organic as well as in aqueous phases at any initial concentration of yttrium [C_i] and initial hygrogen ion concentration [H_i]. In addition, the extraction effi -ciency for other rare earths by OPPA was also investigated and followed the trend:  La