Hairy root cultures of Cichorium intybus and Brassica juncea were used for their ability to uptake and degrade DDT (1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis-(4'-chlorophenyl)ethane). After 24 h of ¹⁴C DDT treatment, only 12–13% of the total applied radioactivity was detected in the culture media, indicating the efficient uptake of DDT by the hairy roots. The majority of the applied radioactivity was associated with the roots. DDT was degraded to various other products such as DDD, DDE and DDMU, along with some unknown compounds by hairy root cultures, which were detected by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and autoradiography. The rate of in situ degradation was found to be higher during the initial stages of culture and the residual ¹⁴C DDT in the roots was found to decrease from 77% to 61% over a period of 10-days. There was no spontaneous degradation of ¹⁴C DDT in media lacking hairy root cultures or in media with autoclaved hairy roots. This suggests that endogenous root enzymes play a role in the breakdown of ¹⁴C DDT. These results suggest the potential applicability and advantage of using these plant species for phytoremediation of persistent xenobiotics such as DDT in an eco-friendly and efficient manner for environmental clean up.