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Author(s) |
Swain, M.; Singh, S.; Basu, S.; Bhattacharya, D.; Gupta, M. (SSPD)
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Source |
Journal of Applied Physics, 2014. Vol. 116 (22): pp. 222208.1-222208.6 |
ABSTRACT
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Ni-aluminides
are an important class of intermetallics from technological point of
view. Ni-Al phase diagram has been studied in detail experimentally as
well as theoretically. It is known that if annealed at low temperature,
the first alloy phase is usually NiAl3 according to Bene’s
rule. It is also understood that heat of formation may get modified by
local densities of the constituents forming the alloy. In this regard,
it is important to identify a kinetic length scale for defining “local density”
in a system. We have deposited ultrathin multilayers of Ni and Al of
layer thickness in tens of nanometres with Ni:Al stoichiometric ratio as
3:1 and 1:3, respectively. Considering these stoichiometry, Ni3Al and NiAl3
are the thermodynamically favoured alloy phases in these samples. We
used x-ray reflectivity, polarized neutron reflectivity, x-ray
diffraction, and secondary ion mass spectroscopy to follow the alloy
formation after annealing and identified the alloy phases at interfaces
with nanometre resolution. Diffusion length of Ni and Al was obtained
using Darken’s law.Our results predict that ‘diffusion length’ is the unique length scale that connects kinetics to local density. In another interesting observation, using “virtual Kirkendall markers”
at the interfaces, we showed asymmetry in consumption of Al for alloy
formation, at Al on Ni (Al/Ni) and Ni on Al (Ni/Al) interfaces by
comparing as-deposited and annealed states with respect to the markers. |
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