High levels of natural radiation areas occur in some parts of coastal tracts of India. The newly discovered Erasama beach placer deposit, part of the eastern coast of Orissa State, India is a high natural background radiation area, due to the presence of radiogenic heavy minerals. The average activity concentrations of radioactive elements such as ²³²Th, ²³⁸U and ⁴⁰K, measured by gamma-ray spectrometry using an HPGe detector, and found to be 2825±50, 350±20 and 180±25 Bq kg − 1, respectively, for the bulk sand samples. The absorbed gamma dose rates in air due to the naturally occurring radionuclides varied from 650 to 3150 nGyh⁻¹ with a mean value of 1925±718 nGyh⁻¹. The annual external effective dose rates for the region varyed from 0.78 to 3 .86 mSv yr⁻¹with a mean value of 236±0.88 mSv yr⁻¹. The external gamma dose rate level of Erasama coastal region is similar to the other monazite sand bearing high background radiation areas of southern and southwestern coastal regions of India. The major contributors to the enhanced level of radiation are monazites and to a lesser extent in zircons.