Indigenously developed Pressurized Heavy Water Reactors (PHWRs) that form the backbone of current stage of nuclear power development in Indiahave seen continuous evolution of their containment systems. This evolution that has taken place over implementation of 18 PHWRs (200/220/540 MWe)has encompassed all aspects of containment design, viz. the structural system, energy management system, radio-activity management and hydrogenmanagement system. As a part of ongoing efforts toward strengthening of safety performance, India is also ready with the design of Advance Heavy WaterReactor (AHWR), which represents a technology demonstrator for advanced reactor systems and for thorium utilization. This reactor has a number ofimproved passive safety features and it is capable of meeting the demanding safety challenges that future reactor system would be expected to meet asa result of emerging expectations in the background of accidents over the past three decades viz. those at Three Mile Island (1979), Chernobyl (1986)and most recently at Fukushima (2011). In this lecture I shall focus on the evolution of nuclear reactor containments in India and highlight the design,associated structural and thermal hydraulics safety assessment made over the years for the improvement of containment performance.