In Part 1 of this article (Resonance, August 2009) we introduced information theory and chaos theory, and discussed the computational nature of all phenomena, complex or simple. In this concluding part, we further emphasize the fact that the degree of complexity of a system depends in an important way on our perspective and prior understanding of the system. This anthropocentric aspect of complexity is exemplified in a dramatic way by the anthropic principle. We discuss the two main versions of this principle. This is followed by a description of the evolution of complexity in our ecosphere. Complexity in some ‘nonadaptive’ complex systems, namely complex materials, is also described briefly.